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CHE 008B A01 SS1 2025 Lecture 5 - Nitration and Sulfonation

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Select True or False: False Nitration involves formation of an NO+ ion. True Nitration uses H2SO4 to protonate the OH on HNO3 and make a leaving group. True There are several ways to make the SO3H+ electrophile True -SO3H groups can be removed by hydrolysis. True In nitration and sulfonation we use H2SO4 as both a solvent and a catalyst. False Nitro groups are commonly found on aromatic and alkane molecules.

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The question presents six statements about nitration and sulfonation chemistry. I’ll evaluate each item on its own merits, noting why it’s correct or incorrect and tying it to fundamental concepts where relevant. Statement 1: 'False Nitration involves formation of an NO+ ion.' - This claim is incorrect. In aromatic nitration, the active electrophile is the nitronium ion, NO2+. Its formation in situ typically involves generating NO2+ from a mixture of nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid, not an NO+ species in the sense of a neutral NO atom with a positive charge. Conceptually, NO2+ acts as the ......Login to view full explanation

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