Compared to a visible light photon, an ultraviolet light photon has...

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Consider the core relationships governing photons: energy is proportional to frequency (E = hν) and inversely proportional to wavelength (ν = c/λ). With that in mind, let's evaluate each option.

Option 1: 'Higher energy, lower frequency, shorter wavelength.' This mixes two true-seeming ideas (shorter wavelength implies higher energy) with a contradictory one (lower frequency). Since energy increases with frequency, having lower frequency would not yield higher energy, so this combination is inconsistent with photon physics.

Option 2: 'Lower energy, lower frequency, longer wavelength.' All three aspects are aligned in the wrong direction relative to ultraviolet photons: lower energy and lower frequency correspond to longer wavelengths, not the UV regime. This option describes infrared or red-light characteristics, not UV.

Option 3: 'Lower energy, higher frequency, longer wavelength.' Here, the frequency and wavelength relationship violates the fundamental inverse link between wavelength and frequency (ν and λ are inversely related). A higher frequency should correspond to a shorter wavelength, and the stated longer wavelength with higher frequency is physically impossible for a single photon.

Option 4: 'Higher energy, higher frequency, shorter wavelength.' This statement matches the well-established photon relationships: higher frequency means higher energy (E = hν), and higher frequency implies shorter wavelength (λ = c/ν). Since ultraviolet photons sit at higher frequencies than visible photons, they indeed have higher energy and shorter wavelength than visible light.

In summary, the only option that consistently aligns with E = hν and ν = c/λ across all three descriptors is the one that lists higher energy, higher frequency, and shorter wavelength. The other options violate either the energy–frequency linkage or the inverse relationship between frequency and wavelength, leading to internal contradictions about UV photons.

ASTR-1-45046-F25 Lecture: Einstein's Universe

Compared to a visible light photon, an ultraviolet light photon has...

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