The adverse effects of some emerging contaminants in freshwater, such as human medications like antidepressants, are leading to:

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The prompt asks about the adverse effects of emerging contaminants in freshwater, such as human medications like antidepressants.
Since the provided answer indicates option b is the correct choice, we analyze why behavioral changes in aquatic organisms are a key adverse effect.
Emerging contaminants, including pharmaceuticals that enter freshwater ecosystems, can interact with biological systems of aquatic fauna even at low concentrations. Antidepressants, for example, may influence neurotransmitter pathways, which regulate behavior. As a result, exposed aquatic organisms can exhibit altered locomotion, feeding, predator avoidance, reproduction timing, or social interactions. These behavioral changes can reduce survival and fitness, alter ecosystem dynamics, and have population- or community-level consequences.
If other potential adverse effects were listed—such as physiological damage, mortality, or changes in growth—the behavioral endpoints are still highly relevant because they often occur at environmentally realistic concentrations and can precede more severe outcomes, serving as sensitive indicators of contamination.
In summary, the statement that adverse effects include behavioral changes in aquatic organisms aligns with current ecotoxicology understanding that contaminants, including pharmaceuticals, can disrupt nervous system function and behavior at sublethal levels, impacting individual fitness and ecosystem processes.

WATR201_S2 Quiz 5 (revised)

The adverse effects of some emerging contaminants in freshwater, such as human medications like antidepressants, are leading to:

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