Which of the following is a correct grouping of living organisms according to the three domain system?

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Question restatement: Which of the following is a correct grouping of living organisms according to the three domain system?

Option a: Plants, animals, and protists. This grouping lists major broad categories used in traditional taxonomy, but it does not reflect the three-domain system. The three-domain system separates life into Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya, not plants, animals, and protists as a single grouping.

Option b: Prokarya, eukarya, and fungi. This mixes terms inaccurately. Prokarya is an outdated label for organisms without a nucleus, not a formal domain in the current three-domain system. Also, fungi are part of Eukarya, not a separate domain or grouping alongside Prokarya and Eukarya as a trio.

Option c: Bacteria, fungi, and animals. This option groups members from different domains and kingdoms together. Fungi and animals are both within Eukarya, while Bacteria belongs to the separate Bacteria domain; fungi should not be paired with animals under a single domain.

Option d: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. This is the correct trio for the three-domain system: Bacteria and Archaea are the two prokaryotic domains, and Eukarya comprises all eukaryotic organisms, including plants, animals, fungi, and many protists. This division reflects the fundamental genetic and cellular distinctions recognized by modern taxonomy.

In summary, each of the other options either uses outdated terminology or misclassifies organisms across domains, whereas option d accurately represents the three-domain framework. The three-domain system is built on fundamental differences in ribosomal RNA sequences and cellular machinery that distinguish Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya as separate domains.

Which of the following is a correct grouping of living organisms according to the three domain system?

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