Excision repair of the DNA template can occur during RNA transcription.

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Question restatement: The statement to evaluate is whether excision repair of the DNA template can occur during RNA transcription.

Option A: True. The correct concept here is transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (TC-NER). When RNA polymerase encounters a DNA lesion on the template strand during transcription, it tends to stall. This stalling serves as a signal that recruits the NER machinery specifically to the transcribed (template) strand, accelerating excision repair in that region. This coupling ensures damaged template sequences are repaired promptly to resume accurate transcription, so excision repair can indeed occur during transcription via TC-NER.

Option B: False. If we consider this option, the reasoning would be that repair processes and transcription are independent processes with no interaction. However, the cellular machinery demonstrates a close interplay: transcription-coupled repair is a well-established pathway in which the transcriptional apparatus directly facilitates repair, particularly on the template strand. Therefore, this option would be incorrect because it ignores the existence of TC-NER.

Additional nuance: In contrast, global genome NER (GG-NER) operates independently of transcription across the genome, but TC-NER specifically targets lesions encountered during active transcription of the template strand. The key distinction is that repair can be transcription-coupled on the template strand, which makes the original statement true in the context of TC-NER.

In summary, recognizing the role of transcription-coupled repair clarifies why the statement is considered true, as the transcription machinery actively aids excision repair on the template strand when encountering DNA damage during transcription.

BIOT5750.39480.202530 Module 6 Quiz S25

Excision repair of the DNA template can occur during RNA transcription.

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