An operating system that manages a group of independent computers and makes them appear as a single coherent system is known as a:

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The question asks: 'An operating system that manages a group of independent computers and makes them appear as a single coherent system is known as a:'

First, note that the provided answer options are not present in the data you shared, so I cannot reference them directly to compare each choice.

Despite the missing options, I can explain the core concept involved in this question. A system that coordinates multiple independent computers to function as a single, unified resource is typically referred to as a distributed operating system. In such a setup, resources (CPU, memory, I/O devices) across machines are managed to present a single coherent interface to the user or applications. The key ideas include:
- Transparency: the user or application does not need to know which machine a process runs on or where a resource physically resides.
- Resource sharing: computation, storage, and peripherals can be accessed across the network.
- Scalability: the system can add more machines to increase capacity without altering the user-facing environment.
- Concurrency and coordination: the OS handles synchronization, communication, and consistency across nodes in the cluster or network.

If the original multiple-choice options had included terms like 'distributed OS' or 'cluster OS' and you were told that 'c. Distributed OS' is correct, that aligns with the standard terminology in operating systems literature. A 'distributed OS' is distinct from a 'cluster OS' or 'grid OS' in nuanced ways, but generally both distributed and cluster-based environments aim to present a unified system view to users.

Without the actual listed alternatives, I cannot evaluate why the other given choices (if any) would be wrong, but typical incorrect choices might describe monolithic, single-machine OS concepts or mislabel networking layers rather than a true distributed operating system.

In summary, the concept described in the question corresponds to a distributed operating system, which is designed to make a collection of independent computers appear as a single cohesive system to users and applications.

An operating system that manages a group of independent computers and makes them appear as a single coherent system is known as a:

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