Which disease that was prevalent for at least 2000 years, was eliminated from the human population by the end of the last century?

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks: Which disease that was prevalent for at least 2000 years, was eliminated from the human population by the end of the last century? Since the provided answer list contains only one option—Smallpox—and no other distractors are given, we can focus on evaluating the stated candidate against the historical facts. Smallpox is a disease with a very long documented history, persisting in human populations for roughly two millennia or more across various civilizations. Its elimination occurred through a concerted global vaccination campaign and public health efforts culminating in the 1980s, when the World Health Organization declared its eradication. This remarkable achievement stands in contrast to other infectious diseases that have not been eradicated, such as polio or measles, which still have endemic transmission in parts of the world. A key reasoning step is recognizing the definition of eradication: the complete and permanent worldwide reduction to zero cases, with no further interventions required to maintain that status. The statement aligns with the historical milestone of global eradication achieved for smallpox, whereas other diseases have not met that threshold. Since there are no alternative options presented to compare, there isn’t a need to evaluate competing statements; the critical historical point is the long-standing prevalence followed by complete eradication by the end of the last century. Any counter-claim that a disease persisted beyond the last century or remains non-eradicated would conflict with established eradication milestones for smallpox and the absence of naturally occurring cases since the 1970s and official certification in the 1980s. In summary, the reasoning hinges on two well-established facts: the disease’s multi-millennial presence in human history and its global eradication by around the late 20th century through vaccination and public health campaigns.

Which disease that was prevalent for at least 2000 years, was eliminated from the human population by the end of the last century?

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