What is the main function of the large intestine?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To determine the primary role of the large intestine, we should compare what each option emphasizes against the known physiology of the large bowel.
Option a: 'Absorption of water and electrolytes' correctly reflects the major function of the large intestine, which concentrates stool by reclaiming water and absorbing electrolytes, thereby forming solid feces.
Option b: 'Breakdown of proteins and carbohydrates' is primarily the job of the small intestine, where pancreatic enzymes and brush-border enzymes digest proteins and carbohydrates; the large intestine does not perform significant proteolytic or amylolytic digestion.
Option c: 'Secretion of digestive enzymes' is characteristic of the pancreas and the small intestine (enterocytes), not a feature of the colon; the large intestine has limited enzymatic secretions and relies more on microbial fermentation and absorption.
Option d: 'Storage and compaction of feces' describes a consequence of colonic water absorption, but it is more a secondary or downstream outcome rather than the main function. The dominant role is water and electrolyte reabsorption, with storage/compaction being a result of that process rather than the primary purpose.
Thus, evaluating the core physiological role, option a best captures the large intestine’s main function, while the other choices reflect processes that occur elsewhere or represent secondary outcomes.

BIO 181 (001&002) FALL 2025 4E - Self-Check: Human Digestive System: Intestines (LO 4E.1, 4E.2, 4E.3, 4E.4, 4E.5)

What is the main function of the large intestine?

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