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ANSC20001_2025_SM1 Exam: Animal Physiology and Growth (ANSC20001_2025_SM1)- Requires Respondus LockDown Browser
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Complete the table describing the digestion and absorption process in each part of the gastrointestinal tract, and the destination of the digestion products. Nutrient Mouth Stomach Small intestine Destination Protein [ Select ] Mechanical breakdown Chemical breakdown [ Select ] Mechanical breakdown Pepsin breaks proteins into polypeptides Free fatty acids in miscelles form Proteases break polypeptides into amino acids [ Select ] Acid denatures proteins Proteases break polypeptides into amino acids, dipeptides and tripeptides [ Select ] Short chain fatty acids diffuse into blood vessels Monosaccharides enter blood vessels Amino acids and small peptides enter blood vessels Carbohydrates Mechanical breakdown Salivary amylase starts to break down polysaccharides into disaccharides [ Select ] Chemical breakdown Mechanical breakdown [ Select ] Proteases break polypeptides into amino acids, dipeptides and tripeptides Pancreatic amylase breaks polysaccharides & oligosaccharides into disaccharides Pancreatic lipase breaks triglycerides into monoglycerides and fatty acids [ Select ] Short chain fatty acids diffuse into blood vessels Amino acids and small peptides enter blood vessels Monosaccharides enter blood vessels Lipid Mechanical breakdown [ Select ] Mechanical breakdown Chemical breakdown [ Select ] Proteases break polypeptides into amino acids, dipeptides and tripeptides Pancreatic amylase breaks polysaccharides & oligosaccharides into disaccharides Bile salts emulsify lipids into smaller droplets. Pancreatic lipase breaks triglycerides into monoglycerides and fatty acids Bile salts form these into micelles [ Select ] Monosaccharides enter blood vessels Amino acids and small peptides enter blood vessels Short chain fatty acids diffuse into blood vessels
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The question asks to complete a table describing digestion and absorption in each part of the GI tract, along with the destination of the digestion products. Below, I evaluate each of the provided selections in the order they appear in the answer list, explaining why each choice is correct or incorrect in the context of digestion physiology.
1) Chemical breakdown
- For the Mouth column under Protein: In the mouth, both mechanical breakdown (chewing) and chemical breakdown occur. Chemical breakdown here is typically via salivary enzymes like amylase, which begins carbohydrate digestion, not protein digestion. If this option is intended to label the protein row in the mouth as chemical breakdown, that would be incomplete or misleading, because protein digestion begins mainly in the stomach with pepsin. Therefore, selecting Chemical breakdown for the protein row in the mouth is not fully accurate, though chemical processes do occur (for carbs) in the mouth.
2) Acid denatures proteins
- For the Stomach row under Protein: A key feature of the stomach environment is acidic gastric juice (high H+ concentration) which denatures proteins, aiding unfolding and subsequent enzymatic digestion. This statement is correct for the stomach’s role in protein digestion and helps set up access for proteases like pepsin. So this is a valid, accurate descrip......Login to view full explanationLog in for full answers
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Complete the table describing the digestion and absorption process in each part of the gastrointestinal tract, and the destination of the digestion products. Nutrient Mouth Stomach Small intestine Destination Protein [ Select ] Mechanical breakdown Chemical breakdown [ Select ] Proteases break polypeptides into amino acids Free fatty acids in miscelles form Mechanical breakdown Pepsin breaks proteins into polypeptides [ Select ] Proteases break polypeptides into amino acids, dipeptides and tripeptides Acid denatures proteins [ Select ] Short chain fatty acids diffuse into blood vessels Amino acids and small peptides enter blood vessels Monosaccharides enter blood vessels Carbohydrates Mechanical breakdown Salivary amylase starts to break down polysaccharides into disaccharides [ Select ] Chemical breakdown Mechanical breakdown [ Select ] Proteases break polypeptides into amino acids, dipeptides and tripeptides Pancreatic amylase breaks polysaccharides & oligosaccharides into disaccharides Pancreatic lipase breaks triglycerides into monoglycerides and fatty acids [ Select ] Short chain fatty acids diffuse into blood vessels Monosaccharides enter blood vessels Amino acids and small peptides enter blood vessels Lipid Mechanical breakdown [ Select ] Mechanical breakdown Chemical breakdown [ Select ] Pancreatic amylase breaks polysaccharides & oligosaccharides into disaccharides Proteases break polypeptides into amino acids, dipeptides and tripeptides Bile salts emulsify lipids into smaller droplets. Pancreatic lipase breaks triglycerides into monoglycerides and fatty acids Bile salts form these into micelles [ Select ] Monosaccharides enter blood vessels Short chain fatty acids diffuse into blood vessels Amino acids and small peptides enter blood vessels
Complete the table describing the digestion and absorption process in each part of the gastrointestinal tract, and the destination of the digestion products. Nutrient Mouth Stomach Small intestine Destination Protein [ Select ] Mechanical breakdown Chemical breakdown [ Select ] Free fatty acids in miscelles form Pepsin breaks proteins into polypeptides Mechanical breakdown Proteases break polypeptides into amino acids [ Select ] Acid denatures proteins Proteases break polypeptides into amino acids, dipeptides and tripeptides [ Select ] Amino acids and small peptides enter blood vessels Monosaccharides enter blood vessels Short chain fatty acids diffuse into blood vessels Carbohydrates Mechanical breakdown Salivary amylase starts to break down polysaccharides into disaccharides [ Select ] Chemical breakdown Mechanical breakdown [ Select ] Proteases break polypeptides into amino acids, dipeptides and tripeptides Pancreatic lipase breaks triglycerides into monoglycerides and fatty acids Pancreatic amylase breaks polysaccharides & oligosaccharides into disaccharides [ Select ] Monosaccharides enter blood vessels Short chain fatty acids diffuse into blood vessels Amino acids and small peptides enter blood vessels Lipid Mechanical breakdown [ Select ] Chemical breakdown Mechanical breakdown [ Select ] Pancreatic amylase breaks polysaccharides & oligosaccharides into disaccharides Bile salts emulsify lipids into smaller droplets. Pancreatic lipase breaks triglycerides into monoglycerides and fatty acids Bile salts form these into micelles Proteases break polypeptides into amino acids, dipeptides and tripeptides [ Select ] Amino acids and small peptides enter blood vessels Monosaccharides enter blood vessels Short chain fatty acids diffuse into blood vessels
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