What is the definition of diffusion?

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Question restatement: What is the definition of diffusion?

Option 1: 'the average distance travelled by a particle between collisions.' This describes the mean free path or the concept used in kinetic theory to quantify how far a particle travels before colliding, not diffusion itself. It is a transport distance measure, not the spread of particles through space.

Option 2: 'the leakage of gas molecules from a container through a tiny hole' This is better described as effusion, which involves gas molecules escaping through an opening into a vacuum or lower pressure region, not diffusion through space within a medium.

Option 3: 'the spreading of gas molecules through space.' This matches the standard definition of diffusion: the gradual dispersion of particles from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration, resulting in the spread of molecules through space.

Option 4: 'the average distance travelled by a molecule after hundreds of collisions.' This phrase evokes ideas related to diffusion length or random-walk behavior, but it does not define diffusion itself. It describes a consequence or characteristic of particle motion over many collisions, rather than the process of spreading through space.

In sum, the core concept of diffusion is the spreading or mixing of particles through space from regions of higher concentration to lower concentration, which corresponds to Option 3. The other options refer to related transport ideas (mean free path, effusion, diffusion length) but do not define diffusion itself.

CHEM 110 Section 3 (PM) SP25 Pre-Lecture 25 Quiz C12-1-2

What is the definition of diffusion?

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