Diets high in sodium are associated with

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To tackle the question, I first consider what dietary sodium affects most directly in health outcomes.
Option 1: obesity. While diet overall can influence body weight, high sodium itself is not a primary driver of obesity. Obesity relates more to caloric intake and energy balance rather than salt intake alone, so this connection is weak.
Option 2: hypertension. This option reflects a well-established relationship: excess sodium can increase blood volume and arterial pressure, contributing to higher blood pressure. This is a core reason sodium intake is a concern for cardiovascular risk, making this a strong, correct link.
Option 3: diabetes mellitus. Sodium intake is not a direct cause of diabetes. Diabetes risk is more closely tied to factors like insulin resistance, body weight, and genetics. Therefore, the connection here is not direct and not a primary concern with dietary sodium.
Option 4: breast cancer. There is no widely accepted direct mechanistic link between high sodium intake and breast cancer risk. While overall diet affects health, sodium itself is not recognized as a specific risk factor for breast cancer.
In summary, among the listed options, the most substantiated association with high-sodium diets is hypertension, while obesity, diabetes mellitus, and breast cancer do not have a direct, well-established causal relationship with sodium intake.

BIO 132-Introduction to Nutrition-931 Exam 3

Diets high in sodium are associated with

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