Ann-Marie started walking when she was 10 months old; Cynthia is just beginning to take steps by herself at 13 months. Which conclusion is true?

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The question presents two children and their developmental milestones, asking which conclusion is true based on typical development.
Option 1: 'Cynthia is malnourished.' There is no information given about Cynthia's nutrition, health, or the presence of delays due to malnutrition. Merely starting to take independent steps at 13 months does not imply malnutrition; many factors can influence the exact timing of walking within the normal range.
Option 2: 'Ann-Marie is very intelligent.' Motor milestones such as sitting, crawling, standing, and walking have a broad range of normal timing and do not alone determine intelligence. Declaring high intelligence from an early walking milestone would be an unsupported leap; cognitive abilities require broader assessment beyond gross motor skills.
Option 3: 'Cynthia is mentally handicapped.' Similar to malnutrition, there is no basis in the information given to diagnose mental handicap from the fact that Cynthia is just beginning to walk at 13 months. Typical walking onset spans around 9 to 18 months, so starting to walk at 13 months can be within normal variation.
Option 4: 'Both girls are developing normally.' Given the data: Ann-Marie began walking at 10 months and Cynthia at 13 months. Both ages fall within the typical range for achieving independent walking, which is commonly cited as around 9 to 15 months for many children. This supports the conclusion that both are developing normally in gross motor terms.
In summary, the first three options attribute specific problems (malnutrition, high intelligence, mental handicap) without supporting evidence in the scenario, while the fourth option aligns with standard developmental expectations for walking onset in infants. The most reasonable conclusion, based on typical developmental milestones, is that both girls are developing normally.

Intro to Child Psychology Exam #2 (5-7) - Due 10/15-16 (Remotely Proctored)

Ann-Marie started walking when she was 10 months old; Cynthia is just beginning to take steps by herself at 13 months. Which conclusion is true?

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