2. According to the cost influence curve, when is it most cost-effective to make design changes?

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The question asks when it is most cost-effective to make design changes according to the cost influence curve.
Option A: During construction. Making changes during construction tends to be very expensive because it requires altering already-built elements, disrupting on-site work, potential rework, and costly variations to contracts and schedules.
Option B: During the documentation stage. While changes at the documentation stage incur costs (revising drawings, specifications, and approvals), they are generally less costly than mid-project changes but still more expensive than making changes earlier in the process, since the design is already more or less settled and coordination becomes more complex.
Option C: During the tender process. Changes at this stage can affect bids, procurement plans, and contractor commitments, introducing risk and potential financial penalties; although there is some flexibility, it is not the most cost-effective window for alterations.
Option D: During the concept and early design stages. This is the window where changes have the smallest cost impact because the design is still flexible, key decisions are being made, and incorporating changes early prevents expensive rework later in construction, documentation, or procurement.
In summary, as projects progress, making changes becomes increasingly costly due to rework, complexity, and contractual implications; the earliest phases offer the greatest potential for cost-effective design optimization.

4510_DESST_3514 Wk7 Lecture: Cost & Program

2. According to the cost influence curve, when is it most cost-effective to make design changes?

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