Below is an entity-relationship diagram for a relational database: Which best describes the relationship between customers and sales?

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First, let’s restate the scenario and options to ensure clarity about the relationship:
- Question: Below is an entity-relationship diagram for a relational database: Which best describes the relationship between customers and sales?
- Answer options:
  a. A customer can only make one sale.
  b. A customer can make many sales.
  c. One sale can belong to many customers.
  d. A customer can buy other customers.

Now, evaluate each option in light of typical relational database conventions as depicted by the diagram:
Option A: A customer can only make one sale.
- This would imply a one-to-one or one-to-many relationship in which each customer is associated with exactly one sale. However, the diagram shows a Customer entity connected to Sales with a line that indicates a single customer can be linked to multiple sale records, not restricted to just one. Therefore this statement is not aligned with the diagram’s cardinality.

Option B: A customer can make many sales.
- This corresponds to a one-to-many relationship where one customer can have multiple related sales entries in the Sales table. In typical retail schemas, each sale (or order) has a CustomerID pointing back to the customer, allowing many sales per customer. This matches the conventional interpretation of the relationship and the diagram’s structure.

Option C: One sale can belong to many customers.
- This describes a many-to-many or one-to-many reverse scenario, which would require a different link pattern (e.g., a sale linked to multiple customers). In standard relational design, a sale record usually reflects a single customer through a foreign key (CustomerID). The diagram does not indicate a sale being associated with multiple customers, so this option is incorrect.

Option D: A customer can buy other customers.
- This statement introduces an illogical and unsupported interpretation (customers purchasing other customers). It does not reflect a legitimate relational attribute of customers and sales in a typical database and is clearly not implied by the diagram.

To summarize the reasoning across all options in a varied way: The diagram’s cardinality shows that a customer can be linked to multiple sales entries, which is precisely a one-to-many pattern from Customer to Sales. The other choices either imply a one-to-one constraint, a reverse or multi-customer linkage to a single sale, or an interaction that makes no sense in the context of customers purchasing products.

Thus, the option that best describes the relationship is: a one-to-many interpretation where a single customer can have many associated sales records, which is captured by option B: A customer can make many sales.

MUF0052 ICT Unit 2 - Semester 1, 2025 2.9 Quiz: Relational DBMS

Below is an entity-relationship diagram for a relational database: Which best describes the relationship between customers and sales?

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MUF0052 ICT Unit 2 - Semester 1, 2025 2.9 Quiz: Relational DBMS

Below is an entity-relationship diagram for a relational database: Which best describes the relationship between customers and sales?

View Explanation

Log in for full answers

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