Four of the following are disadvantages of dam and reservoir systems; one is not. Choose the one that is not.

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The question asks us to identify which statement among the listed options is not a disadvantage of dam and reservoir systems. We will evaluate each option on its own merits.
Option 1: 'Dams and reservoirs increase normal downstream flooding.' This claim runs contrary to the typical purpose and effect of dams. In general, dams regulate flow and reduce the frequency and magnitude of normal downstream flooding by capturing peak flows and releasing water more gradually. Therefore, this statement is not a true disadvantage and is misleading in describing how dams function.
Option 2: 'Dams and reservoirs disrupt migration of some fish.' This is a widely documented environmental drawback. Dams can block migratory routes for species such as salmon and eel, affecting breeding and population dynamics unless fish ladders or other bypass systems are implemented. This is a legitimate disadvantage.
Option 3: 'Dams and reservoirs lead to devastating flooding if there is a failure.' This reflects a real and serious risk. Dam failure or severe structural issues can unleash large volumes of water rapidly, causing catastrophic downstream flooding and loss of life and property. It is commonly cited as a major risk in dam engineering.
Option 4: 'Dams and reservoirs displace people behind the dam.' The construction of large dams often requires inundating areas and resettling communities, leading to social and economic disruption. This is a recognized social disadvantage associated with dam projects.
Option 5: 'Dams and reservoirs reduces nutrients released downstream.' This also describes a valid environmental consequence. The trapping of sediments and nutrients behind a dam can lead to reduced nutrient supply downstream, affecting aquatic ecosystems downstream of the reservoir. This is a documented disadvantage.
In summary, the first option stands out as not being a true disadvantage because it asserts an outcome (increased normal downstream flooding) that dam and reservoir systems are specifically designed to prevent or mitigate. The other options describe well-known negative impacts, including ecological disruption, risk of catastrophic failure, displacement, and altered downstream nutrient dynamics.

11:375:101:01 INTRO ENV SCIENCE Lecture #15 Quiz

Four of the following are disadvantages of dam and reservoir systems; one is not. Choose the one that is not.

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