A The main idea of control theory is that most people have strong desires to be deviant, but two systems work against their motivation to deviate. These two systems are termed ________.

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The question discusses control theory and the idea that most people have strong desires to be deviant, but two systems work against their motivation to deviate. The key term in Hirschi’s social control theory for these opposing forces is described as inner controls and outer controls.
First, consider what inner controls are: they refer to internalized norms, personal beliefs, self-control, and the conscience that restrains deviant impulses.
Next, outer controls encompass external factors such as family, friends, community supervision, laws, and social sanctions that discourage deviant behavior from outside the individual.
If we think about how these two systems operate together, inner controls guide an individual from within, while outer controls provide external restraints and monitoring, helping to maintain conformity.
Because the provided answer options are missing in this prompt, we cannot evaluate alternative distractors or compare nuances among them. In general, a typical set of distractors might contrast inner/outer controls with terms like external sanctions alone, internal desires without social regulation, or single-factor explanations that ignore the dual-system framework.
Nevertheless, the core idea remains: control theory posits two complementary systems—inner controls and outer controls—that work in tandem to limit deviant motivation by supplying internal restraints and external pressures.

SMC 2025 Wnt - SOCIOL 1 (1488) - Introduction to Sociology (O) Final Exam (cumulative-more emphasis the second part of the course- after midterm)

A The main idea of control theory is that most people have strong desires to be deviant, but two systems work against their motivation to deviate. These two systems are termed ________.

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