In an ideal Confucian state, a ruler must be virtuous and rule by example, and the subjects are all willing to follow the good example set by the ruler.

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The question presents a statement about an ideal Confucian state and asks whether it is true or false. 
Option True: The claim is that a ruler must be virtuous and rule by example, and that the subjects are all willing to follow the good example set by the ruler. In Confucian thinking, the ruler’s virtue and exemplary conduct are central to achieving social harmony (the idea of rule by virtue, or xiao and ren, and leading by moral example). An ideal Confucian state envisions a ruler whose moral character inspires and legitimates authority, thus encouraging subjects to follow the good example. However, the phrase "all willing to follow" can be debated: classical theory posits that a virtuous ruler creates legitimacy and loyalty, but it also recognizes that genuine voluntary adherence depends on the ruler’s continued virtue and the cultivation of the people. The statement is therefore aligned with the core ideal that virtue in the ruler fosters voluntary compliance, though it may gloss over limitations or exceptions that could arise in practice. 
Option False: This would assert that the ideal cannot be achieved or that subjects would not willingly follow, contradicting the Confucian emphasis on moral governance and social harmony through virtuous leadership. While real-world challenges exist (universal voluntary obedience is a strong claim), the false option ignores the Confucian argument that virtuous rule by example should lead to willing obedience and social order, making it a weaker fit for the stated ideal. 
In sum, option True aligns with the Confucian ideal of governance by exemplary virtue and the corresponding social harmony, whereas option False misinterprets or rejects the aspirational core of that theory. The analysis emphasizes that the question describes an ideal scenario, not necessarily a universal guarantee in all circumstances.

Spr25_CHIN012_36029 2.3.6.1: Quiz on Confucius on Good Government

In an ideal Confucian state, a ruler must be virtuous and rule by example, and the subjects are all willing to follow the good example set by the ruler.

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