A _______ is a piece of computer hardware used for the modulation and demodulation of data between digital and analog formats.

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The question asks to identify a hardware component that handles modulation and demodulation between digital and analog signals. 
Option 1: modem. The term 'modem' is a contraction of 'modulator-demodulator,' and its primary purpose is to convert digital data from a computer into analog signals for transmission over telephone lines (modulation) and to convert incoming analog signals back into digital data (demodulation). This directly matches the description in the question. 
Option 2: printer. A printer is a peripheral that produces a physical copy of digital data, typically via printing mechanisms and ink/toner, but it does not perform modulation or demodulation of data. Therefore it is not suitable for converting between digital and analog formats. 
Option 3: router. A router directs data packets between networks, choosing paths and interfaces for forwarding traffic. While it involves digital data handling, its function is not modulation/demodulation between digital and analog signals. It operates primarily at higher layers (network/transport) and uses electrical signals appropriate for networking, not analog/digital conversion. 
Option 4: hub. A hub is a basic network device that broadcasts incoming signals to all ports in a local network segment. It does not perform any modulation or demodulation; it simply forwards bits to connected devices. Therefore it does not fit the described role either. 
In summary, only the device whose name explicitly embodies modulation and demodulation aligns with the description provided in the question, while the other devices have distinct roles in printing, routing, or basic network broadcasting, none of which involve converting between digital and analog formats.

CSE-3-01 Quiz #4 (Week 8-10 readings)

A _______ is a piece of computer hardware used for the modulation and demodulation of data between digital and analog formats.

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