Question at position 47 What is one major function of the complement system?Directly attacking pathogens using a series of protein-mediated reactionsBlocking all cytokine signalingStimulating the production of red blood cellsGenerate memory B-cells

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The question asks about a major function of the complement system and provides four options to evaluate.
Option 1: Directly attacking pathogens using a series of protein-mediated reactions. This is correct because the complement system consists of a cascade of plasma proteins that, when activated, mediate direct pathogen clearance through processes like opsonization, chemotaxis, inflammation, and formation of the membrane attack complex to lyse pathogens.
Option 2: Blocking all cytokine signaling. This is inaccurate; the complement system does not function primarily as a broad blocker of cytokine signaling. While it can influence inflammation, it does not broadly block cytokine pathways.
Option 3: Stimulating the production of red blood cells. This is not a known role of complement; erythropoiesis is regulated by erythropoietin and other hematopoietic signals, not by complement proteins.
Option 4: Generate memory B-cells. Memory B-cell formation is driven by adaptive immune responses involving B and T cell interactions, germinal centers, and specific cytokine signals, not directly by the complement cascade.
In sum, Option 1 aligns with the well-established functions of complement in immune defense, whereas Options 2–4 describe processes not primarily mediated by the complement system.

Question at position 47 What is one major function of the complement system?Directly attacking pathogens using a series of protein-mediated reactionsBlocking all cytokine signalingStimulating the production of red blood cellsGenerate memory B-cells

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