Half Moon Bay has a smaller seasonal temperature variation than San Jose does, because:

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Question restatement: Half Moon Bay has a smaller seasonal temperature variation than San Jose does, because:

Option 1: San Jose is at a Higher Latitude
- This claim attributes greater seasonal variation to latitude. While latitude influences climate, the core reason for Half Moon Bay’s smaller seasonal swing is not its latitude relative to San Jose, but its proximity to the ocean which moderates temperatures. San Jose and Half Moon Bay are in relatively similar latitudes, so this option misidentifies the primary moderating factor and overemphasizes latitude as the cause.

Option 2: San Jose is at a much higher elevation
- Elevation affects temperature, with higher elevations typically cooler. San Jose is not at a much higher elevation than Half Moon Bay; both are fairly close to sea level in the Bay Area. This statement overstates the role of elevation and incorrectly attributes the difference in seasonal variation to elevation differences that aren’t the main factor here.

Option 3: Half Moon Bay is affected by a Warm Ocean Current while San Jose is Affected by a Cold Current
- The existence of warm versus cold currents would influence coastal temperatures, but the Bay Area’s primary moderating effect comes from overall maritime influence rather than a simple dichotomy of warm vs cold currents affecting each location. Moreover, the statement introduces a nuanced current contrast that does not match the standard explanation for Half Moon Bay’s milder seasonal variation compared to inland San Jose. It also suffers from an over-specified current distinction that isn’t necessary to explain the phenomenon.

Option 4: Half Moon Bay is close to the Ocean
- This option identifies the key factor: proximity to the ocean. The ocean has a high heat capacity and tends to warm coastal areas in winter and cool them in summer, reducing the amplitude of seasonal temperature swings. This maritime influence creates a more tempered climate for Half Moon Bay compared with inland San Jose, which is shielded from direct oceanic impact by distance and terrain. This option aligns with the standard explanation for reduced seasonal variation in coastal locations.

In summary, the correct reasoning centers on maritime influence: coastal proximity to the ocean moderates temperatures, leading to a smaller seasonal variation for Half Moon Bay. The other options either misattribute the effect to latitude, elevation, or introduce an overly specific current distinction that isn’t the primary driver in this comparison.

W25 MET D010 20Y Weather And Climate Processes Week 2 Quiz

Half Moon Bay has a smaller seasonal temperature variation than San Jose does, because:

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