How great are the annual steel industry's global CO2 emissions compared to total annual anthropogenic CO2 emissions?

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

First, restating the question and options: The question asks how large the annual steel industry's global CO2 emissions are in relation to total annual anthropogenic CO2 emissions. The answer options are:
- a. 0,6 %
- b. 10 %
- c. 6 %
- d. 1 %

Now, evaluating each option:
Option a: 0,6 %. This would imply the steel sector contributes less than 1% of total anthropogenic CO2. While some sectors may be small relative to the whole, current estimates generally place the steel industry around a few percent, not well under 1%, making this figure too low in most analyses.
Option b: 10 %. If the steel sector accounted for about one-tenth of all anthropogenic CO2, that would indicate an unusually large share relative to many emissions sectors (energy, cement, transport, etc.). While steel is energy-intensive, 10% is higher than common global estimates for steel’s share, which are typically cited nearer the mid-single digits.
Option c: 6 %. This value sits squarely in the commonly cited range for steel’s share of global anthropogenic CO2 emissions. The steel industry is energy- and process-intensive, and global assessments often report roughly around a few percent; 6% aligns with several mainstream estimates that include emissions from both blast furnaces and electricity consumption in steel production.
Option d: 1 %. Stating 1% would treat steel as one of the very smallest contributors to CO2 emissions, which contradicts the widely acknowledged high energy intensity of steelmaking and its substantial emissions footprint when aggregated globally. Most comprehensive inventories place steel well above this level.

To determine plausibility, consider the overall global emissions from all sectors and where heavy industry fits in: energy production and heavy industry (including steel) are among the largest contributors, with steel often identified as a significant but not dominant portion—roughly in the mid-single digits. Relative plausibility checks favor option c over the others when aligning with common global inventories and sector analyses.

In summary, each alternative presents a distinct claim about steel’s share. The 0,6% and 1% figures appear too low given steel’s energy intensity and global footprint; 10% seems high compared to typical sector shares; 6% is consistent with many standard estimates of steel’s contribution to total anthropogenic CO2 emissions. This reasoning supports the notion that the 6% figure is the best match among the provided options.

How great are the annual steel industry's global CO2 emissions compared to total annual anthropogenic CO2 emissions?

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