Through the study of unusually shaped chromosomes in corn , Barbara McClintock provided strong evidence that genes are located on chromosomes.

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This question centers on the classic work linking genes to chromosomes, specifically through Barbara McClintock's research on corn chromosomes.
The prompt states that McClintock studied unusually shaped chromosomes in corn and used that to provide strong evidence that genes are located on chromosomes. This aligns with her groundbreaking discovery that chromosomal breakage, rearrangements, and the presence of unusual chromosomal structures correlate with changes in gene expression and inheritance patterns in maize. The underlying idea is that genes reside on chromosomes, and their behavior can be observed via chromosomal structure and movement during meiosis and mitosis.
Option 1 (the blank filled with 'corn'): Selecting 'corn' as the organism makes perfect sense because McClintock's experiments were conducted on maize (corn). Her cytogenetic analyses of corn chromosomes revealed positional effects and cytological changes that tied genetic behavior to chromosome structure, thereby supporting the gene-on-chromosome concept. If the option were to identify the organism studied, 'corn' is the historically accurate choice here.
Option 2 (the blank filled with 'Barbara McClintock'): Choosing 'Barbara McClintock' as the scientist is correct because she conducted the pivotal work demonstrating that genes are located on chromosomes. Her meticulous cytogenetic observations, including the discovery of transposable elements and the behavior of broken or rearranged chromosomes in maize, provided key empirical support for the chromosome theory of inheritance. It was her interpretation of chromosomal abnormalities and their association with phenotypic variation that solidified the link between genes and chromosomes.
If there were additional options (not provided in this dataset), one would evaluate alternatives by checking whether they correctly identify maize (corn) as the model organism and whether they attribute the discovery to McClintock or to other scientists; misattributions (e.g., citing non-maize models or different researchers) would be inconsistent with the historical record of this particular line of evidence.
In summary, selecting 'corn' as the organism and 'Barbara McClintock' as the scientist is consistent with the historical evidence that unusual chromosomal structures in maize provided strong support for the gene-on-chromosome hypothesis, linking cytology with heredity.

BIOL_2004_81774_202509 Homework 2

Through the study of unusually shaped chromosomes in corn , Barbara McClintock provided strong evidence that genes are located on chromosomes.

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