What are the hazards associated with acetophenone? (use the hazard codes from the product data sheet available through SigmaAldrich)

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When evaluating hazards for acetophenone, we compare the statements to the hazard information typically found in product safety data sheets (SDS) such as those from Sigma-Aldrich.

Option 1: 'Harmful if swallowed.' This corresponds to the H302 hazard statement found in SDS documents, which indicates acute oral toxicity. The reasoning here is that ingestion of acetophenone can cause harmful effects, and this is a standard warning used to alert users to avoid swallowing the chemical. A student should recognize that 'harmful' does not imply immediately life-threatening, but that ingestion should be avoided and handled with care, potentially requiring medical attention if swallowed in significant amounts.

Option 2: 'Causes serious eye irritation.' This aligns with the H319 hazard statement in SDS terminology, which labels substances that cause eye irritation as needing precautions to prevent contact with the eyes. Eye irritation can range from mild redness to more serious irritation upon exposure, and this warning informs users to wear eye protection and to avoid splashes to the eyes. Understanding this helps in applying appropriate personal protective equipment and first-aid measures.

Why these two options are plausible and consistent with standard SDS conventions: acetophenone, like many organic solvents, is frequently assigned an oral toxicity warning (H302) due to its ability to irritate or harm mucous membranes if ingested, and an eye irritation warning (H319) due to its potential to cause irritation upon contact with the eye. These hazard statements are commonly found together on SDSs for solvents used in laboratory and industrial settings, guiding safe handling practices.

Why other potential interpretations might be incorrect (conceptual checks): while SDS documents may include other hazards such as skin irritation (H315), aquatic toxicity (H401), or flammability (depending on concentration and purity), the two options provided align with common core warnings for acetophenone. If a student assumes only one hazard category applies, they could miss the multiple-hazard reality often present for chemicals used as solvents. Additionally, the absence of other options in the list means we must focus on the two statements given, and verify them against the SDS conventions rather than extrapolating to unlisted hazards.

In summary, the statements 'Harmful if swallowed' and 'Causes serious eye irritation' reflect standard hazard classifications (H302 and H319) you would expect to find on an acetophenone SDS, informing users to avoid ingestion and protect eyes during handling.

What are the hazards associated with acetophenone? (use the hazard codes from the product data sheet available through SigmaAldrich)

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