Damage to this area will cause difficulty in the timing and patterns of movement of skeletal muscle contractions for smooth and coordinated movement (ataxia):

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To approach this question, I’ll evaluate what each brain region is primarily responsible for and how damage would manifest.
Option 1: Broca's Area. This region is associated with language production and speech planning. If damaged, you’d expect expressive aphasia or difficulties forming fluent speech, not specifically problems with timing and patterning of skeletal muscle contractions. Hence, this option does not explain ataxia.
Option 2: Prefrontal Cortex. The prefrontal cortex handles executive functions, decision making, personality, and planning. While injury here can affect judgement and behavior, it does not directly control the fine timing and sequencing of motor movements, so it’s unlikely to produce ataxia.
Option 3: Cerebellum. The cerebellum is the key structure that coordinates voluntary movement, ensuring smooth, well-timed contractions and proper motor timing. Lesions here produce ataxia, characterized by gait instability, dysmetria, intention tremor, and errors in movement timing. This directly fits the description in the question.
Option 4: Postcentral gyrus. This area is the primary somatosensory cortex, responsible for processing tactile and proprioceptive information. While sensory input is important for movement, damage to this region doesn’t primarily cause the timing and patterning defects described as ataxia.
Option 5: Parietal Lobe. The parietal lobe integrates sensory information and contributes to spatial awareness and attention. Although it supports aspects of motor planning indirectly, ataxia specifically results from cerebellar dysfunction rather than general parietal involvement, so this option is not the best fit.
In summary, the described difficulty with timing and patterns of skeletal muscle contractions for smooth, coordinated movement aligns best with cerebellar dysfunction, while the other regions are associated with language, executive function, primary sensation, or higher-level integration rather than the precise motor timing control implicated by ataxia.

ANATOMY 2300 SP2025 (2146) Unit 4 Quiz

Damage to this area will cause difficulty in the timing and patterns of movement of skeletal muscle contractions for smooth and coordinated movement (ataxia):

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