Question at position 19 Which shows the steps of the central dogma of molecular biology in the correct order?Translation, Transcription, ReplicationTranscription, Replication, TranslationTranslation, Replication, TranscriptionReplication, Transcription, TranslationReplication, Translation, Transcription

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To determine the correct order, we focus on the central dogma of molecular biology, which describes the flow of genetic information: DNA is replicated, then transcribed into RNA, and finally translated into protein.

Option A: Translation, Transcription, Replication. This sequence starts with translation, which requires RNA templates that are produced later in the process. It misorders the foundational steps, since translation cannot precede transcription or replication in the canonical flow.

Option B: Transcription, Replication, Translation. Here transcription precedes replication, but replication (copying DNA) is a separate process that occurs to duplicate genetic material; the central flow of information is not strictly defined as transcription before replication. Moreover, replication is the step that ensures DNA is copied before downstream processes like transcription and translation, so this order is not the standard progression.

Option C: Translation, Replication, Transcription. This starts with translation, which is incorrect for the same reason as in A. Additionally, replication is shown before transcription, but translation would still be impossible without RNA produced by transcription, making this order biologically invalid.

Option D: Replication, Transcription, Translation. This sequence aligns with the core concept: DNA is replicated to ensure genetic material is copied, then transcribed to produce RNA, and finally translated to synthesize proteins. It follows the unidirectional flow from DNA to RNA to protein, with replication preceding the other two steps.

Option E: Replication, Translation, Transcription. Although replication is first, this order places translation before transcription, which cannot happen because translation requires an RNA template produced by transcription. This misorders the essential dependency: transcription must come before translation.

In sum, the only option that preserves the legitimate, stepwise progression of information from DNA to RNA to protein—and where replication correctly sits as an upstream process—is Option D, Replication, Transcription, Translation.

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