Which of the following arteries bifurcates to provide oxygenated blood to both the right arm and right side of head?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To approach this question, I’ll examine what each artery does and where it branches. 
Option 1: The right brachiocephalic trunk. This vessel is a short, initial branch of the aortic arch that quickly divides into the right common carotid artery (to supply the head and neck) and the right subclavian artery (to supply the right upper limb). Because it gives rise to both the right side of the head (via the right common carotid) and the right arm (via the right subclavian), this option correctly describes a bifurcation that supplies oxygenated blood to both regions. 
Option 2: The right radial artery. This artery runs down the forearm into the hand and is a peripheral branch of the brachial artery. It does not bifurcate to supply the head; its territory is confined to the forearm and hand, so it cannot provide blood to the head or to the entire right arm via a bifurcation. 
Option 3: The right basilar artery. The basilar artery is a major brain vessel formed by the fusion of the vertebral arteries and supplies the brainstem and posterior cerebral circulation. It does not give rise to branches that supply the arm or the right side of the head; its role is intracranial, not in providing systemic blood to the arm. 
Option 4: The right subclavian artery. While this artery does supply the right arm, it does not bifurcate to supply both the head and the arm. It continues to give rise to branches (including the vertebral and thyrocervical trunks) but not a single bifurcation that simultaneously feeds the entire right head and upper limb. Moreover, the bifurcation that simultaneously provides head and arm blood flow is specifically described for the trunk leading to both the right common carotid and the right subclavian arteries. 
In summary, only the right brachiocephalic trunk serves as a single vessel whose bifurcation yields branches that perfuse both the right side of the head (via the right common carotid) and the right upper limb (via the right subclavian). The other options either supply only a distal region (radial), are confined to intracranial circulation (basilar), or do not produce a bifurcation that feeds both the head and the arm (subclavian).

Anatomy and Physiology Systems II (1017MSC_NA_3255)

Which of the following arteries bifurcates to provide oxygenated blood to both the right arm and right side of head?

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