The structure indicated by NUMBER 3:

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Question restatement: The structure indicated by NUMBER 3:

Option 1: 'pierces the diaphragm at T8' — This describes the inferior vena cava (IVC) path to the abdomen, not the structure formed by the convergence of the right internal jugular and right subclavian veins. Therefore, this option is incorrect for NUMBER 3.

Option 2: 'returns de-oxygenated blood to the left atrium' — The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins; deoxygenated blood returns to the right side of the heart via the vena cavae, not to the left atrium. This statement is factually wrong for any structure involved in venous return to the right heart, so it is incorrect.

Option 3: 'is formed by the joining of the right internal jugular and subclavian veins' — This exactly describes the right brachiocephalic (innominate) vein, which is formed by the union of the right internal jugular vein and the right subclavian vein. This aligns with the typical anatomical description of NUMBER 3, making it the correct choice.

Option 4: 'receives the azygous vein at the level of the 2nd right costal cartilage' — The azygous vein drains into the superior vena cava, typically around the level of the right T4–T5 intervertebral area, not at the level of the second right costal cartilage. This statement misplaces the connection and is therefore incorrect.

Summary of reasoning: Options 1 and 4 describe vessels or connections associated with the IVC or SVC in locations that do not match the formation of NUMBER 3. Option 2 states a function (returning de-oxygenated blood to the left atrium) that is incompatible with venous return pathways to the right heart. Option 3 correctly identifies NUMBER 3 as the structure formed by the union of the right internal jugular and right subclavian veins, i.e., the right brachiocephalic vein.

ANAT30008_2025_SM2 Exam: Viscera and Visceral Systems - Practical (ANAT30008_2025_SM2)- Requires Respondus LockDown Browser

The structure indicated by NUMBER 3:

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