According to Darley and Latané, the decision-making process necessary for bystander intervention in an emergency situation requires

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To approach this question, I will examine what Darley and Latané proposed about the bystander intervention decision process in emergencies.
Option a: 'noticing an incident, interpreting the incident as an emergency, and assuming responsibility for helping.' This aligns with the classic three-stage model: noticing the event, labeling it as an emergency, and accepting personal responsibility to act. It directly captures the sequence described in their theory.
Option b: 'recognizing a shared predicament and identifying a superordinate goal.' While these ideas touch on group dynamics and coordinated action, they are not the core steps of the bystander intervention decision process as specified by Darley and Latané. This option emphasizes collective framing and goals rather than individual responsibility in the moment of an emergency.
Option c: 'an increase in self-awareness, the recognition of personal responsibility, and the experience of cognitive dissonance.' This mixes elements that are not part of the original model. Although personal responsibility is involved, the specific components—self-awareness and cognitive dissonance—are not described as the sequential steps in the bystander decision process.
Option d: 'learning the social responsibility norm and applying the norm to the situation at hand.' This references social norms conceptually, but the model emphasizes noticing, interpreting, and assuming responsibility first; normative learning occurs in a broader sense but is not the enumerated decision steps in Darley and Latané's framework.
In summary, option a accurately reflects the triadic sequence central to the bystander intervention process, while options b, c, and d introduce related but not core elements that do not map onto the specified decision steps in the theory.

According to Darley and Latané, the decision-making process necessary for bystander intervention in an emergency situation requires

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