Which of the following is NOT one of the factors that increases the likelihood of bystanders helping?

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To approach this question, we examine each option in terms of what psychological research says about factors that increase bystander helping.

Option a: feeling guilty. Experiencing guilt can motivate a person to help to alleviate that negative feeling, so this is a factor that can increase helping behavior.

Option b: being in a good mood. Positive mood has been shown to increase the likelihood of helping others, as people in better moods tend to be more prosocial.

Option c: perceiving the person as deserving of help. When others are seen as in need or worthy of assistance, observers are more likely to intervene, making this a facilitative factor for helping.

Option d: being surrounded by other bystanders who may help. This describes the “bystander effect” (diffusion of responsibility) where the presence of others can actually decrease the likelihood that any one bystander helps. While it can sometimes encourage help in certain contexts, the general research finding is that more bystanders often reduces helping actions, not increases them. Therefore, this option is not a factor that increases helping; it tends to suppress it.

In summary, options a, b, and c describe conditions that tend to raise bystander helping, whereas option d describes a situation that commonly diminishes it.

Which of the following is NOT one of the factors that increases the likelihood of bystanders helping?

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