A stranger has collapsed on a city sidewalk due to a heart attack. According to Darley and Latané, what is the first thing that must happen before you will help in this emergency?

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

When analyzing bystander intervention theory from Darley and Latané, the initial stage someone must pass through is noticing that something is happening. 
Option 1: 'You must check if the stranger is related to you or your family.' This is not part of the initial sequence; determining personal connection is not a formal stage in the bystander model, and it would not occur before noticing the incident.
Option 2: 'You must assume responsibility for helping.' This corresponds to a later stage—after noticing and interpreting the situation as an emergency—where the person must decide to take on responsibility; it cannot be the first requirement.
Option 3: 'You must notice the stranger.' This accurately identifies the first step in the Darley and Latané model: the bystander must notice that something is happening before any interpretation or action can occur.
Option 4: 'You must make sure the victim is alone and truly in need of help.' This is not a formal initial stage; assessing isolation or the legitimacy of the need would come after noticing and interpreting the emergency, not as a prerequisite to noticing.

In summary, the critical opening barrier in the sequence is perceptual: the observer must become aware that an event requiring intervention is occurring before moving through interpretation, responsibility, and action stages.

A stranger has collapsed on a city sidewalk due to a heart attack. According to Darley and Latané, what is the first thing that must happen before you will help in this emergency?

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