Ownership forms for pooled equity investment can differ in terms of how the entity’s cash flows are distributed to its investors. Which of the following ownership structures requires cash flows to be allocated to each shareholder in proportion to his or her ownership of the entity, thereby preventing special allocations to multiple classes of investors?

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The prompt asks about an ownership structure in pooled equity investment where cash flows are distributed strictly in proportion to each investor’s ownership, preventing any special allocations to multiple classes of investors.
Option 1: subchapter S Corporation. This structure is characterized by pro rata allocations of cash flows based on share ownership and typically requires a single class of stock, which aligns with the idea of proportional distribution and no special allocations. This makes it the best fit for the stated requirement.
Option 2: general partnership. In a general partnership, distributions can be allocated in ways that are not strictly proportional to ownership, depending on the partnership agreement. There is flexibility for special allocations, so it does not inherently guarantee pro rata cash flows.
Option 3: limited partnership. A limited partnership often features a general partner and limited partners, with allocations that can be tailored in the partnership agreement. It frequently involves special allocations and preferred returns, which means distributions are not necessarily proportional to ownership alone.
Option 4: limited liability company. An LLC offers flexible allocation rules and can implement special allocations through operating agreements. While an LLC can be set up for pro rata distributions, it does not inherently enforce pro rata cash flows by default, so it does not automatically prevent special allocations across classes.
In sum, among the listed structures, the subchapter S Corporation most consistently enforces pro rata cash flow distribution aligned with ownership and minimizes or prohibits multiple stock classes with unequal allocations, matching the description in the question.

R E 250 A Final Exam

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