Question at position 4 Researchers interested in human heritability get most of their evidence from what?Twins and adopted childrenAdopted children and differences among culturesDifferences among cultures and differences among generationsDifferences among generations and twins

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Question at position 4 Researchers interested in human heritability get most of their evidence from what?Twins and adopted childrenAdopted children and differences among culturesDifferences among cultures and differences among generationsDifferences among generations and twins

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Consider the core idea behind heritability research in humans, which relies on comparing genetic relatedness and environmental control across different family structures. 
Option 1: 'Twins and adopted children' directly aligns with standard evidence sources used in behavior genetics and quantitative genetics. Twin studies (identical vs fraternal) help disentangle genetic influence from shared environment, while adoption studies separate genetic factors from environmental ones by studying children raised apart from their biological parents. 
Option 2: 'Adopted children and differences among cultures' misses the crucial role that twins play in revealing genetic influence through monozygotic vs dizygotic comparisons; cultural differences alone do not provide a clean separation of heredity from environment. 
Option 3: 'Differences among cultures and differences among generations' emphasizes cultural and generational variation but does not provide the direct genetic-inference framework that twin and adoption designs offer. It conflates sociocultural change with heritability estimation, which can be confounded by environmental shifts. 
Option 4: 'Differences among generations and twins' includes twins, which is informative, but pairing with generational differences does not capture the full separation of genetic from environmental effects as adoption data do. Generational differences can reflect cohort effects rather than heredity per se. 
Overall, the combination of twins and adopted children is the classic and most informative pairing for estimating heritability in humans, because it leverages both genetic relatedness and environmental independence across designs. The other options mix elements in ways that either omit the strongest designs (twins) or rely on comparisons that are less direct for parsing genetic influence from environment.

Question at position 4 Researchers interested in human heritability get most of their evidence from what?Twins and adopted childrenAdopted children and differences among culturesDifferences among cultures and differences among generationsDifferences among generations and twins

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