Adoption studies seek to understand genetic influences on personality by

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Exploring how personality traits may be influenced by genetics versus environment in adoption studies requires examining resemblance to both sets of parents. 
Option 1: 'Evaluating whether adopted children’s personalities more closely resemble those of their adoptive parents or their biological parents' captures the core method of adoption studies, which compare genetic similarity (biological parents) and environmental similarity (adoptive parents) to assess hereditary versus environmental influences.
Option 2: 'Studying the effect of children’s age at adoption' focuses on timing, which can matter for certain outcomes, but adoption studies primarily aim to disentangle genetic and environmental contributions by comparing biological and adoptive lineages rather than primarily focusing on age at placement.
Option 3: 'Studying the effect of prior neglect on adopted children' centers on adverse experiences and their consequences, which is important for developmental psychology but is more about maltreatment effects than the genetic vs. environment comparison that adoption designs are built to address.
Option 4: 'Comparing adopted children with non-adopted children' can yield insights into differences between groups, but it does not directly isolate genetic versus environmental contributions to personality, since adoption studies rely on within-family comparisons across biological and adoptive lines rather than broad between-group contrasts.
In summary, the most direct and classic aim of adoption studies is to assess how much personality is shaped by genetics (biological parents) versus environment (involving adoptive parents), which is precisely what option 1 describes.

PSYC1_FA25_A00 Quiz 3

Adoption studies seek to understand genetic influences on personality by

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