Seasonality in climate is caused directly by

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Exploring the concept of seasonality in climate, we evaluate each statement for accuracy.
Option 1: 'sun position relative to other planets.' While the Sun’s position relative to planets changes very slowly over long timescales, seasons are not driven by planetary positions. Seasonal changes arise from how sunlight hits the Earth at different times of year, not from where other planets are in the sky.
Option 2: 'Earth’s tilt on its axis.' The tilt of the Earth's axis (about 23.5 degrees) causes the differential angle and duration of sunlight across the seasons, producing higher solar elevation in summer and lower sun angle in winter, which directly creates seasonal climate patterns. This is the core mechanism behind seasons.
Option 3: 'geomagnetic disturbances year round.' Geomagnetic activity affects charged particles and can influence space weather, but it does not directly drive seasonal temperature or precipitation patterns on Earth. Seasons are governed mainly by solar geometry and energy balance, not by geomagnetic cycles.
Option 4: 'ocean currents.' While ocean currents modulate climate and can influence regional seasonal contrasts (e.g., El Niño/La Niña effects), they do not directly cause the annual cycle of seasons. The seasonality is primarily produced by the axial tilt and consequent variation in insolation, with currents acting as modifiers rather than the direct cause.

BIOL 1009 (001-006/050-055) Final Exam

Seasonality in climate is caused directly by

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