Question at position 23 Alex intends to board a flight this evening to another country for an official visit. However, his wife prevents him from boarding the flight stating that there is a likelihood of danger to his life owing to several plane crashes that occurred that month. According to the biases and heuristics in decision making, it can be concluded that Alex's wife mirrors the ________ in this scenario.base rate neglectavailability heuristicrepresentativeness heuristichemispatial neglect

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The question describes a scenario where Alex’s wife warns him about boarding a flight due to dangers highlighted by several plane crashes that occurred that month. We need to map this reasoning to a decision-making bias or heuristic.
Option 1: base rate neglect. This would involve ignoring statistical information about how likely something is in the general population when making a judgment. In the scenario, the warning is based on dramatic, memorable events (plane crashes) rather than ignoring overall statistical likelihood, so this option doesn’t fit well.
Option 2: availability heuristic. This bias occurs when people judge the probability of events based on how easily examples come to mind, often influenced by recent or striking cases. The wife cites recent plane crashes that are highly memorable, making the risk seem greater than it statistically is. This aligns with the availability heuristic.
Option 3: representativeness heuristic. This involves judging something by how much it resembles a typical case or stereotype rather than using base rates or statistics. The warning here is anchored on memorable incidents rather than on a prototype or stereotype, so this is a poorer fit.
Option 4: hemispatial neglect. This is a neurological condition where a person ignores one side of space, typically due to brain injury. It is unrelated to cognitive biases in risk assessment and does not apply to the scenario.
In summary, the reasoning presented in the wife’s warning mirrors the idea that easily recalled or recent dramatic events influence judgment about risk, which is characteristic of the availability heuristic. The other options describe different concepts (ignoring base rates, using resemblance to a prototype, or a neurological deficit) that do not match the described behavior as accurately.

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