Attitudes are object-evaluation associations. The “association” component of this definition refers to the attitude's…

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The question asks about what the 'association' component in the definition of attitudes (attitudes as object-evaluation associations) refers to. 
Option 1: Strength/accessibility. This choice points to how strongly the attitude is linked to the object and how readily the evaluation comes to mind, i.e., the mental accessibility or ease with which the association is retrieved. This aligns with the notion of an attitude as an evaluative link that is strong or weak and that can be easily activated from memory. 
Option 2: Valence. Valence describes whether an evaluation is positive or negative (the direction of the attitude) rather than how strongly the association is connected or how accessible it is. While valence matters for attitude content, it does not capture the retrieval strength or activation component of the association. 
Option 3: Extremity. Extremity refers to how strong or weak the attitude is in terms of intensity, which is related to strength but is more about the degree of evaluation rather than the ease or speed with which the attitude is retrieved or activated. This makes it an incomplete match for the specific notion of the association component. 
Option 4: Ambiguity. Ambiguity would concern uncertainty or vagueness about the attitude or its object, not the retrieved strength or activation of the evaluation itself. This misaligns with the concept of a stable, quickly accessible evaluative link to the object. 
In summary, the association component is best understood in terms of how tightly and readily the object is linked to the evaluation in memory, i.e., the strength and accessibility of the association, while the other options describe related but distinct aspects of attitudes (valence, extremity, or ambiguity) that do not capture the core idea of the association’s retrieval strength.

Attitudes are object-evaluation associations. The “association” component of this definition refers to the attitude's…

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