Complete these sentences: In a highlight procedure, the compound cue A&B is first presented along with reward X. In the following phase, A&B are presented again with reward X, along with A&D which are presnted along with reward Y. In a final phase, when B&D are presented together...

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Question restatement: Complete these sentences: In a highlight procedure, the compound cue A&B is first presented along with reward X. In the following phase, A&B are presented again with reward X, along with A&D which are presented along with reward Y. In a final phase, when B&D are presented together...

Option 1: "...the subject tends to make the response which leads to reward Y indicating that cue D has been highlighted by cue A's previous association with response X."
- This option describes a chaining of associations: A&B with reward X establishes a link between A (and B) and X. Later, A&D with reward Y introduces D into the A-context and ties D to reward Y. When B&D are later paired, the subject’s behavior is guided by the prior highlighted cue D via A’s prior association with the reward X and the introduction of reward Y for D. The idea is that cue D has been highlighted (made salient) by its new association with Y and the A-driven link from the earlier phase, so the response aligned with D leads to Y. This captures the notion of cue competition and highlight effects: the presence of D and its association with Y biases responding toward the D-related outcome when B and D are tested together.

Option 2: "...the subject tends to be distracted by highlighted information and chooses response Y because it is more salient"
- This misstates the mechanistic interpretation. A highlight procedure emphasizes specific cue-outcome links, not merely salience in a generic sense. Reward history and learned associations drive the choice, not a vague notion of salience independent of the learned contingencies. Therefore, attributing the choice to general salience rather than a specific associative history makes this explanation weaker.

Option 3: "bees waggle to highlight which direction the food source is"
- This option introduces an inappropriate biological example (bees waggle dance) that has no relation to the described highlight procedure in conditioned learning experiments. It conflates a separate animal communication behavior with the task at hand, rendering it incorrect.

Option 4: "...the subject chooses response D because A is highlighted by the previous association with B."
- This suggests a reverse or inverted causal chain: A is highlighted due to its association with B, whereas the actual procedure shows A (and B together) associated with X, then A&D with Y. The wording implies a mistaken direction of influence (A highlighted by B) and does not align with the described phases where A acts as a mediator for the switch to Y via D. This makes the causal reasoning inconsistent with the phase-by-phase design.

Overall, the most theoretically consistent option is the one that ties the final B&D trial to a transfer of the prior highlighting of D through its association with Y via A, reflecting how cue A’s prior pairing and D’s subsequent pairing with reward Y influence the final choice. The other options misattribute causation, rely on generic salience, introduce irrelevant behavior, or invert the causal chain.

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Complete these sentences: In a highlight procedure, the compound cue A&B is first presented along with reward X. In the following phase, A&B are presented again with reward X, along with A&D which are presnted along with reward Y. In a final phase, when B&D are presented together...

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