Which unit within the CPU performs arithmetic and logical operations?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

When considering what unit inside the CPU handles arithmetic and logical operations, we must review the roles of the common CPU components.
Option a: Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU). This is the classic component responsible for performing integer arithmetic (like addition and subtraction) and logical operations (such as AND, OR, NOT). It is the central processing workhorse for computation. This choice correctly identifies the unit that executes these fundamental tasks.
Option b: Memory Unit (MU). In traditional CPU architecture, memory-related responsibilities lie with storage components such as registers, caches, the main memory, and memory controllers. The MU as a named unit is not typically described as the one performing arithmetic or logic operations, so this option misattributes those duties.
Option c: Control Unit (CU). The Control Unit coordinates and directs the activities of the CPU by issuing control signals to other components, sequencing operations, and managing the fetch-decode-execute cycle. While essential for operation, it does not perform arithmetic or logic calculations itself, so this choice is incorrect for the specific question.
Option d: Input/Output Unit (I/O). The I/O subsystem handles communication with external devices and peripherals, managing data transfer to and from the CPU. It is not involved in performing arithmetic or logic computations, making this option unrelated to the asked function.
Overall, the statement that best matches the unit conducting arithmetic and logical operations is the ALU, which is dedicated to computation and decision-making within the processor.

System Software and Computing Concepts (032025-NHM)

Which unit within the CPU performs arithmetic and logical operations?

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