Gerald is brought to the hospital after suffering a stroke. Upon examining him, the doctor finds that, while his speech is fluent, he produces many lexical errors, some neologisms, and his comprehension is poor. Her diagnosis is that he has:

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The clinical vignette describes a patient with fluent speech but numerous lexical errors, neologisms, and poor comprehension. This pattern points to a language disorder where speech flow is preserved or even fluent, yet understanding and accurate word use are impaired.

Option 1: Wernicke’s aphasia. This is the classic profile: fluent, but often meaningless or filled with paraphasias and neologisms, accompanied by impaired comprehension. The description given matches this well, making it the most fitting diagnosis.

Option 2: Broca’s aphasia. Broca’s aphasia is typically characterized by nonfluent, effortful speech with relatively preserved comprehension. Since the patient’s speech is fluent, this option does not align with the described features.

Option 3: Split brain. Split-brain syndrome results from severing the corpus callosum, leading to disconnection symptoms between the hemispheres, not a primary language production or comprehension defect like this. It does not explain the fluent but error-filled speech and poor comprehension.

Option 4: Left neglect. Left hemispatial neglect involves inattention to the left side of space, often after right-hemisphere damage. It affects spatial awareness rather than language production and comprehension, so it does not account for the language symptoms described.

Option 5: Jargon aphasia. Jargon aphasia can present with fluent speech that is filled with nonsensical or irrelevant words, sometimes accompanied by impaired comprehension. However, the scenario emphasizes lexical errors and neologisms with poor comprehension in a way that most directly aligns with Wernicke’s aphasia as the core diagnosis. Jargon aphasia is a related but less precise label for this exact clinical picture.

In summary, the combination of fluent speech, lexical distortions including neologisms, and reduced comprehension most closely matches Wernicke’s aphasia, while the other options fail to fit multiple key features of the presentation.

LING 200 A Final Exam

Gerald is brought to the hospital after suffering a stroke. Upon examining him, the doctor finds that, while his speech is fluent, he produces many lexical errors, some neologisms, and his comprehension is poor. Her diagnosis is that he has:

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