Which of the following anticoagulant drugs is typically prescribed to individuals diagnosed with cardiovascular disease

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To evaluate which anticoagulant drug is typically prescribed to individuals diagnosed with cardiovascular disease, we need to consider the pharmacologic class and common clinical use of each option.
Option 1: Warfarin. Warfarin is a classic oral anticoagulant that interferes with vitamin K–dependent clotting factors, and it is commonly prescribed for long-term anticoagulation in conditions such as atrial fibrillation, mechanical heart valves, and certain hypercoagulable states associated with cardiovascular disease. This makes it a typical choice for ongoing management in many cardiovascular patients needing reduced thrombotic risk.
Option 2: Aspirin. Aspirin is primarily an antiplatelet agent (it inhibits platelet aggregation by blocking thromboxane A2 synthesis). While it plays a major role in secondary prevention of cardiovascular events and in certain primary prevention scenarios, it is not categorized as an anticoagulant. Its mechanism and clinical use are distinct from those of anticoagulants, which target the coagulation cascade rather than platelets.
Option 3: Ibuprofen. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. It does not function as an anticoagulant in the sense of inhibiting coagulation factors; in fact, NSAIDs can affect bleeding risk and interact with anticoagulants, but they are not used as anticoagulant therapy themselves. This makes it an unlikely choice for long-term anticoagulation in cardiovascular disease.
Option 4: Heparin. Heparin is a rapid-acting intravenous or subcutaneous anticoagulant used primarily in hospital settings for acute management, perioperative prophylaxis, or bridging therapy. While effective, its use is typically short-term and in controlled settings rather than as a standard long-term prescribed medication for cardiovascular disease outside of inpatient contexts. Therefore, it is less typical for chronic outpatient management compared with oral agents like warfarin.
In summary, among the listed drugs, Warfarin stands out as the classic long-term oral anticoagulant commonly prescribed for cardiovascular disease; aspirin serves as an antiplatelet agent with a different mechanism; ibuprofen is an NSAID with no primary anticoagulant role; and heparin is an inpatient, short-term anticoagulant rather than a standard outpatient therapy for chronic cardiovascular risk reduction.

Anatomy and Physiology Systems II (1017MSC_NA_3255)

Which of the following anticoagulant drugs is typically prescribed to individuals diagnosed with cardiovascular disease

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