Which STI is becoming antibiotic resistant?

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Question: Which STI is becoming antibiotic resistant?

Option 1: Syphilis. While Treponema pallidum (the bacterium that causes syphilis) has historically been treated effectively with penicillin, and there isn’t a widespread resistance to penicillin, there have been concerns about resistance to azithromycin in some contexts. However, the primary, globally confirmed case of mounting resistance that is most commonly discussed in public health discussions is not about syphilis as the main example. The statement here overgeneralizes resistance patterns for syphilis and is not the strongest or most representative example of antibiotic resistance among STIs.

Option 2: Chlamydia. Chlamydia trachomatis infections can be treated effectively with standard antibiotics such as azithromycin or doxycycline. There is ongoing research into resistance, and treatment failures can occur due to factors like nonadherence or reinfection, but there is not a clear, widespread pattern of definitive, clinically significant antibiotic resistance that matches the most prominent current concerns in public health. This makes the claim in this option misleading if interpreted as established antibiotic resistance.

Option 3: Gonorrhea. Neisseria gonorrhoeae has demonstrated a well-documented trajectory of increasing antibiotic resistance over time, including reduced susceptibility to multiple drug classes and, in some regions, reduced effectiveness of cephalosporins. This pattern is widely discussed in health authorities as a growing problem and a leading example of STI antibiotic resistance. The emphasis on gonorrhea as exhibiting antibiotic resistance is consistent with contemporary epidemiology and treatment challenges.

Option 4: HIV. HIV is a virus and is not treated with antibiotics; antiretroviral drugs are used to manage HIV infection. While there can be resistance to antiretroviral therapy, this is not antibiotic resistance and the wording of this option is misleading in the context of antibiotics. The category the question targets is antibiotics, so labeling HIV as antibiotic resistant reflects a conceptual mismatch.

Summary: Across the options, the discussion centers on which STI has demonstrated notable antibiotic resistance patterns. The most prominent, widely documented example in current medical literature and public health reporting is the organism responsible for gonorrhea, due to its evolving resistance profile to multiple antibiotics. The other options either describe conditions where resistance is not the defining current issue, rely on special cases that are not representative, or involve a pathogen where the treatment class is not antibiotics at all.

EDCEP 103 ZA Module 4 Exam: Sexual & Reproductive Health

Which STI is becoming antibiotic resistant?

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