How many hydrogen atoms are there in a molecule of nonan-3-ol?

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We start by identifying the molecular formula for nonan-3-ol. The base carbon chain is nonane, which has 9 carbons. As a saturated hydrocarbon (alkane) with 9 carbons, its formula would be C9H20 when there is no functional group other than hydrogens. Introducing an alcohol group (-OH) to form nonan-3-ol replaces one hydrogen on the carbon skeleton with the hydroxyl group, but does not change the total count of hydrogen atoms in the molecule beyond this substitution pattern; the standard formula for a linear alcohol with 9 carbons is C9H20O. With this in mind, the total number of hydrogen atoms in nonan-3-ol is 20.

Option a. 9: This is far too few for a 9-carbon saturated alcohol; it would imply a highly unsaturated or highly substituted structure, which is inconsistent with a simple straight-chain alcohol. 
Option b. 19: Close to the correct range, but for a straight-chain nonanol with an -OH, the conventional formula gives 20 hydrogens, not 19. 
Option c. 21: This would exceed the standard saturated-counted hydrogen total for C9H20O, suggesting an extra hydrogen or missing consideration of the oxygen’s presence in the formula. 
Option d. 20: This matches the well-established formula for a 9-carbon alcohol (C9H20O) and aligns with the general pattern for alkanols where H = 2n + 2 for n carbons, here n = 9, giving H = 20.

MUF0042 Chemistry Unit 2 - Semester 1, 2025 1.16 Quiz: Functional Groups

How many hydrogen atoms are there in a molecule of nonan-3-ol?

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