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When you cite a source cited in the source you have read, you are citing a secondary or indirect source. You should use secondary sources only if you cannot find the original source of information. You should acknowledge both the original source and the secondary source in your sentence, but the reference list will only credit or include the source that you read. In the examples below, two academic sources are cited. Which source did the student actually read when completing the writing task: Chan (2012), or Jung and Postiglione (2015)? Integral: Chan (2012, as cited in Jung & Postiglione, 2015) argues that degree graduates are better equipped with skills required in the workplace than sub-degree graduates. Non-integral: It is argued that degree graduates are better equipped with skills required in the workplace than sub-degree graduates (Chan, 2012, as cited in Jung & Postiglione, 2015).
Options
A.A. Chan (2012)
B.B. Jung and Postiglione (2015)

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The question is about secondary (indirect) sources and what a student actually read when completing the writing task, given the two example phrasings.
Option A: Chan (2012). If we look at the integral example, it reads: 'Chan (2012, as cited in Jung & Postiglione, 2015) argues that degree graduates are better equipped with skills required in the workplace than sub-degree graduates.' This clearly attributes the idea to Chan, but explicitly states that Chan’s content is being cited within Jung & Postiglion......Login to view full explanationLog in for full answers
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Why do we reference?
Read the paragraph below and answer the following question. (1) The size of the obesity epidemic is not the only reason that this crisis cannot be ignored.(2) The adverse effects of obesity are widespread and relate not only to individuals, but to society as a whole. (3) The medical consequences of obesity are well documented and include increased risk of type -2 diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, stroke and several cancers. (4) The large amount of excess weight that characterises obesity can also lead to sleep apnoea and osteoarthritis. (5) Both of these conditions have the potential to seriously reduce the quality and enjoyment of life of an individual. (6) In addition, obesity has been shown to substantially reduce life expectancy, especially in young adults. (7) Already some areas of the United States have seen decreases in life expectancy, with obesity a contributing factor. (8) We do not want to see this trend continue across the globe, undoing the gains we have made in the last hundred years in areas of health and life expectancy. Adapted from student sample with permission. Which sentences contain information from a source and therefore need to be referenced? Select all that apply.
Read the paragraph below and answer the following question. (1) The size of the obesity epidemic is not the only reason that this crisis cannot be ignored.(2) The adverse effects of obesity are widespread and relate not only to individuals, but to society as a whole. (3) The medical consequences of obesity are well documented and include increased risk of type -2 diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, stroke and several cancers. (4) The large amount of excess weight that characterises obesity can also lead to sleep apnoea and osteoarthritis. (5) Both of these conditions have the potential to seriously reduce the quality and enjoyment of life of an individual. (6) In addition, obesity has been shown to substantially reduce life expectancy, especially in young adults. (7) Already some areas of the United States have seen decreases in life expectancy, with obesity a contributing factor. (8) We do not want to see this trend continue across the globe, undoing the gains we have made in the last hundred years in areas of health and life expectancy. Adapted from student sample with permission. Which sentences contain information from a source and therefore need to be referenced? Select all that apply.
Read the paragraph below and answer the following question. (1) The size of the obesity epidemic is not the only reason that this crisis cannot be ignored.(2) The adverse effects of obesity are widespread and relate not only to individuals, but to society as a whole. (3) The medical consequences of obesity are well documented and include increased risk of type -2 diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, stroke and several cancers. (4) The large amount of excess weight that characterises obesity can also lead to sleep apnoea and osteoarthritis. (5) Both of these conditions have the potential to seriously reduce the quality and enjoyment of life of an individual. (6) In addition, obesity has been shown to substantially reduce life expectancy, especially in young adults. (7) Already some areas of the United States have seen decreases in life expectancy, with obesity a contributing factor. (8) We do not want to see this trend continue across the globe, undoing the gains we have made in the last hundred years in areas of health and life expectancy. Adapted from student sample with permission. Which sentences contain information from a source and therefore need to be referenced? Select all that apply.
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